Factores de cumplimiento de reportes de sostenibilidad corporativa: un estudio de datos de panel de empresas cotizadas en Perú
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Desde el año 2016, la Superintendencia del Mercado de Valores del Perú (SMV) ha establecido la obligatoriedad para las empresas cotizadas de publicar el reporte de sostenibilidad corporativa en el mercado de valores peruano como parte de las políticas de gobierno corporativo. Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar la evolución del nivel de cumplimiento de los requerimientos para la elaboración de los reportes de sostenibilidad exigidos por la SMV y analizar los determinantes corporativos para las empresas cotizadas en Perú. Este estudio, cuantitativo y explicativo, se realizó mediante un análisis de regresión lineal de datos de panel con efectos fijos para el periodo 2018-2022, con el fin de evaluar el efecto determinante de las variables independientes sobre el nivel de cumplimiento de los reportes de sostenibilidad corporativa. Los resultados muestran un aumento no sostenido en el nivel de cumplimiento de los informes de sostenibilidad hasta 2022, principalmente en el desempeño social. Para el modelo de regresión con efectos fijos sobre la variable año, los determinantes del nivel de cumplimiento de reporte de sostenibilidad son los siguientes: el tamaño de la empresa, la pertenencia a sectores con mayor impacto en la sostenibilidad y la elaboración voluntaria de reportes de sostenibilidad.
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